The abacus (plural abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use in the ancient Near East, Europe, China,
and Russia, centuries before the adoption of the written Hindu–Arabic
numeral system. The exact origin of the
abacus is still unknown. Today, abacuses are often constructed as a bamboo frame with beads sliding on wires, but originally
they were beans or stones moved in grooves of sand or on tablets of wood,
stone, or metal.
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